Operating Systems & Computer Architecture Mastery Hub: The I

In the context of modern operating systems, which scheduling algorithm is most likely to be used for real-time systems requiring guaranteed response times and minimizing jitter, and why might it be preferred over preemptive priority-based scheduling in certain critical applications?

Consider a multi-processor system employing symmetric multiprocessing (SMP). If a process is currently executing on CPU1 and requires access to a shared resource protected by a mutex, what is the most critical consideration for maintaining data integrity when another process on CPU2 attempts to acquire the same mutex?

In the context of virtual memory management, what is the primary advantage of using a Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) in conjunction with page tables, and what potential performance bottleneck can arise if the TLB experiences a high miss rate?